Czech Military Review, 2006 (vol. 87), issue 4
Extended Security Concept and Czech Security PracticeResearch
PhDr. Miloš Balabán, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 3-11 
Since the 90's of the last century we have witnessed the discussions over extended concept of security, under which no national state is the only privileged security subject. The classical military concept is extended both "above", towards international, global and regional problems covering economy, social, environmental or humane issues and "down", in the direction of local communities, NGOs, private subjects and even individual citizens. Even though several important constitutional laws reflecting EU criteria were adopted, we still miss constituting and complete overall concept Czech security system. Of course, we have a document "Optimalization...
Presence and Future of the Czech Security ResarchNonreviewed - Research
Ing. Jarmil Valášek, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 12-18
Security situation has been changing all over the world, so has in regional territories. It is necessary for us to create systematically new safety culture with regards to contemporary knowledge and experiences. The Czech Republic contribution to the safety of democratic states must meet their expectations; prospective security studies will have to bring new knowledge and technology which, first of all, will increase the level of general capabilities of the Czech Republic and at the same time to take into consideration the needs of national economy and Czech environment. Capital investments into security research are necessary as a basic input for...
Theory of Defence, or Security Science? (Keynotes for Scientific and Research Activities in the field of State Defence and Security)Nonreviewed - Research
Doc. PhDr. Jan Eichler, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 19-26
In the early 21st century defence research can be discussed in two ways: we can stay either within existing discipline "theory of state defence", or we can set up new academic specialization concentrating more on the notion "security" and its individual aspects, including their inner ties. In the former case, there are spheres in which civil and military experts can complement each other, whereas other spheres of studies ought to stay exclusively in the domain of military experts. Mutual cooperation between civilian and military experts can be concentrated on systematic studies of security threats, predictions of potential conflicts, analyses of security...
Computer Aided-Experimental Exercise Urban Warrior 2006Military art
Generálmajor Ing. Jiří Halaška, Ing. Milan Novák
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 27-30
On 13-17 March, 2006, the Directorate of Centre of Simulation and Trainer Technologies Brno ran experimental computer-aided exercise dealing with combat activities of a Battalion Task Force (BTF) in urban area. It was outlined as a double-sided opponent procedural exercise, with the use of computer potential, in attendance of staff and personnel from Special Force Command, Support and Training Force Command, Training Base Vyškov, Military Academy Vyškov, designated unit commanders from Special Force, namely 72 Mech Bt. This experimental exercise proved right some factors that are prepared in accordance with NATO operational concept USECT (Understand,...
Optimalization of Security System of the Czech RepublicMilitary art
Ing. Miroslav Jurenka
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 31-33
Security system is an institutional frame for the creation and implementation of Czech security policy. It is closely tied with NATO, the EU, and other international institutions, which enables its compatibility and interoperability within European security systems. The Czech government prepared The Concept of Security System of the Czech Republic that put emphasis on its effectivity and simplified cooperation and coordination among individual components of security structures. The concept was based upon the analysis of Czech security system, covering events after 11/9 2001, NATO Summit 2002, the Floods 2002, etc. Presented principles of the optimalization...
Small Wars Revisited (Fourth Generation Warfare)Military art
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 34-40
This new generation war could be characterized by an emphasis on nonstate actors, by political and psychological forms of attacks that directly influence opponents. Other characteristics are as follows: extensive refugee flows, violence, transnational criminal aspects. Several factors will impact the nature, frequency and character of "small wars" in the 21st century. Failed/failing states, urbanization, diffusion of actors, communications technology, technological diffusion, religion, and ultra-terrorism. Clausewitz's fundamental appreciation for the primacy of political objectives as the guiding object in war remains relevant to "small wars" as does...
Planning, Programming and Budgeting System: from Talking to the Facts!Opinions, controversy
Major Ing. Bohuslav Pernica, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 41-47
This article is a sequel to the previous disputes over financial management within the Czech Armed Forces. The origins of the first polemic article lay in gaining facts for research work, arranged by the Faculty of Economics and Management, Defence University, "Allocation and Management of Defence Sources of the CR and the Formation of Economic Thinking in the ACR". The system of planning, programming and budgeting (PPBS) was introduced into Czech forces several years ago, but the it did not worked in a way it was supposed. There were many deficiencies the PPB system suffered from. Unfortunately, the author lacks sufficient data to evaluate properly...
Location of Antiballistic Base as a Strategic ChoiceOpinions, controversy
PhDr. Antonín Rašek
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 48-54
Antiballistic defence systems could be defined as a secondary defensive response to ballistic threats, against existing, projected or planned ballistic military hardware. In a way, it is a sort of deterrence weapon, because such defence discourages opponents form the development of offensive missiles. The author of this article, the former deputy defence minister, Maj-Gen. (ret), specifies three relevant antimissiles system: ALTBM-NATO Active Layered Theatre Ballistic Missile Defence; NATO MD-NATO Missile Defence; and USA MD-USA Missile Defence. The purpose of American antiballistic defence is to counterbalance potential strokes by limited numbers...
The Russian Position and its Development 2020-2050 (Critical Study)Informational pages
PhDr. Miloš Balabán, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 55-69
The return of Russia as a power that begins again to partake in political agenda of present-day world raises the necessity to reflect its inner developments in the background of its recent history. There are six key factors that substantionally influence the position of Russia in the world: large sources of raw materials (pipelines); outstanding military capacities (the world's second nuclear potential); high level of general education; wide scientific and research base; permanent membership in UN Security Council and in the Group of Eight (G-8); deciding influence in the near neighbourhood. The study comes to the conclusion that Russia-in the horizon...
The Change of Legislative Conditions of Existence and Activity of Military IntelligenceInformational pages
Podplukovník Ing. Libor Kutěj, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 70-80
In view of the fact of recent transitions in the Czech Republic, the Czech military must satisfy a large set of new requirements, including those tied with military defence intelligence. The article examines the key legislative changes under Acts No. 153/1994, No. 289/2005, No. 290/2005 and their actual implementation, linked with various stages of political and strategical management. There is no flawless pattern for military intelligence community. It is influenced by many circumstances: history, traditions, state of affairs. The author does not want to criticize today's model, organizational changes. Present-day establishment is integrated, which...
Intelligence in Asymmetric Operation of US ArmyInformational pages
Doc. Ing. Oldřich Horák, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 81-86
In today's conflicts, such as the Global War on Terrorism in Iraq and Afghanistan, the threat is more difficult to define; in fact, there are often multiple threats working against our forces concurrently. Our army lacks first-hand information from current battlefields, so that the author must make use of mediated experiences. The paper is therefore based upon articles from foreign military magazines, namely Intelligence Synchronization on a Nonlinear Battlefield (Military Intelligence Professional Bulletin 4/2004) and Intelligence in Peacekeeping Operation (International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 1/1997). It is not a mere translation...
Changes in Military Intelligence: Brigade Level, US Armed ForcesInformational pages
František Kříž
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 87-91
Armed Forces by František Kříž. After September 2001, in operations both in Afghanistan and Iraq, great attention is paid to terrorism throughout the war. In fact, new generation of warfare came in existence. War on terrorism is a large-scale low intensity conflict, without classical confrontations between states, without massive bulk of soldiers. For such type of warfare we can't use weapons of mass destruction, or classical types of warfare. At level of US Army brigade there were some changes in structure and scope of forces. Several new formations were established: Heavy Brigade Combat Teams, Infantry Brigade, Infantry Brigade Combat Teams, and...
Operational Thinking and Command in the German Federal ForcesInformational pages
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 92-96
The professional base for tactical and operational levels of US ground forces and German Federal Armed Forces are the following manuals: US Army Field Manual 100/5 "Operations", since 2001 being labelled as "Field Manual 3-0", and German HDv 100/100 "Truppenfuhrung 2000". Both manuals were drafted in a closed cooperation. The basic principles of German manual Truppenfuhrung 2000 were imitated and copied by the Netherlands armed forces and partly, to a certain measure, also by other NATO nations. Rules of Field Manual 3-0 were tested in peace operations, in the fight against international terrorism in Afghanistan and during the first phase of Second...
The European Union Military Staff (EUMS) performs early warning, strategic planning and situation assessment.Informational pages
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 97-101
As the EU is conducting its third military operation, the EUMS has become a key player in the development of the European Security and Defence Policy. In order to provide political control and strategic direction in a crisis, the European Council (Nice, December 2000) decided to establish new permanent political and military structures within the Council of the European Union: PSC-Political and Security Committee, EUMC-European Union Military Committee, EUMS-European Union Military Staff. The EUMS is responsible for peacekeeping tasks, tasks of combat forces in crisis management (including peacemaking), and further tasks identified in the European...
Developing Adaptative LeadersInformational pages
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 102-105
The forward-thinking and respond to the challenges of today's dynamic operational environment demands as necessary: first, to attract and develop young people to become adaptative leaders possessing enhanced skills, i.e. we must align leader-development programmes for the new operating environment; second, to respond to the forces' needs in meeting the challenges of the operational environment-the forces have to undergo a transformation. Adaptability is critical to urban stability and support operations, as these operations present complex challenges to commanders for which no prescribed solutions exist. Warfare and technology are rapidly evolving;...
7th Terminology Conference (Lessons Learned)Conference
Podplukovník Ing. Jaroslav Stojan
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 106-109
In April 2006, there was another symposium dealing with military professional terminology. Its main purpose was to evaluate experiences with introducing standardized terminology, their levels. Established in September 2004, the Terminology Committee introduces current NATO terminology into all branches of defence department, by means of Standardization Information System. At present, the Training and Doctrine Directorate in Vyškov studies the chance to develop similar database for operational terminology.
On-line Instruction of English Military TerminologyConference
PhDr. Ivana Čechová
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 110-112
Teaching Terminology at the Economy and Management Faculty, UO BrnoConference
PhDr. Alena Langerová
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 113-115
Principles of Introducing New Terminology in French Armed ForcesConference
PhDr. Jana Tomšů
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 116-117
Small Arms Shooting PracticeMilitary professional
Major Ing. Jaromír Pitaš, Ing. Hubert Štofko, PaedDr. Libuše Mazánková, Dr., prof. Ing. František Mazánek, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 118-124
The article presents the results of pedagogical experiment in shooting from smallarms at training on shooting trainers, as indispensable instruments for the preparation of military professionals in indoor and outdoor shooting. Computer-generated simulators enable to experience the practice of shooting both for beginners training, as well as for marksmen, and sharpshooters. The trainers we we've developed in our army are as follows: shooting trainer EVJ-91 (optical, infrared), EVJ-94 (advanced, computer aided), EVJ-94/M (five targets), UNIST-94 (screen 2x3 m, VCR, UNIST-97/L(laser emitter, live shooting), optical shooting range OS-1, OS-3 (small...
Damages Assessment Military Combat VehiclesMilitary professional
Major Ing. Vladimír Dzurja, plukovník prof. Ing. Aleš Komár, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 125-132
In our forces, similarly like in those of Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, and Lithuania, we assess the scope of damages in numbers showing overall labour needed for repair, necessary for restoration complete combat capacity. Now we put into test another method, by means of the so-called S-M-C-A code (Shoot, Mobility, Communication, Armour); e.g. numbers 0-0-0-0 represent fully combat-ready main battle tank, whereas 0-4-0-4 shows immobile armoured vehicle, with perforated armour. To adapt commanders? decisionmaking process and introduce this method into forces, mechanised units, up the battalion level, we perform exercises on ModSAF trainer (Modular Semi-Automated...
Assessment of Exercise Waste by Means of Hazard Impact IndexMilitary professional
Nadporučík Ing. David Řehák, Ph.D., plukovník prof. Ing. Aleš Komár, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 133-135
Wastes resulted from military exercise and their negative influences are imminent risks for our environment. To eliminate this, first we have to make the classification of wastes and secondly their index evaluation. The indexing can frame negative potential influence of wastes even before actual start of the exercise, so that we can evaluate negative impacts and arrange preventive measures beforehand. With using tablets and charts, the article depicts the process of classification and index appraisal of wastes, originating during military exercise. The method is being developed at the Defence University in Brno and was presented in front of Environmental...
Quality Control in the Army of the Czech RepublicMilitary professional
Por. Ing. Martin Vlkovský
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 136-142
This article informs readers about basic ISO standards (International Organization for Standardization), series 9000, and about terminology f lowing from ČSN EN ISO 9000:2001 standards. Fundamental part of the report is a relevant Army of Czech Republic specifics analysis and model implementing proposals of quality management system into a command and control structure of the army. It is favourable for the forces to use above mentioned systems (norms, terminology), especially in logistics. It enables us to follow suppliers/contractors to guarantee the highest quality and effectivity of products and services bought for military. NATO uses among others...
The Czech Republic and the Two Models of Professional Armed ForcesMilitary professional
Major Ing. Bohuslav Pernica, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 143-146
The professionalization of armed forces is a process causing qualitative changes in the personnel structure of the armed forces. This process should form the armed forces as a professional institution, where the most of soldier is not enlisted for a life-long career of soldiering, but enrolled only for certain amount of time (Soldat auf Zeit). The U.S. Armed Forces (all-volunteer service) and the Royal Armed Forces serve as an example of a kind of professional armed forces in the NATO. There are two contrasting models of professional armed forces: the US-inspired armed forces and the lifelong-careerof-soldiering armed forces. Both models served as...
Internal Auditing as an Effective Management Tool Introduced into Slovak MoDMilitary professional
Ing. Soňa Jirásková
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 147-153
Internal auditing is an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organization's operations. It helps an organization to accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach, so that we are able to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, command and control, or other processes. Internal auditing is a tool of Ministry of Defence management that is used for increasing effectiveness both in departmental and public sector administration. The article is supplemented by two schemes of the position of audition authorities within the Slovak MoD.
Identification FoF in Ground ForcesMilitary professional
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 154-158
It is an age-old problem, how to identify someone or something, to prevent from incidents, in which friendly forces fire on their own troops or vehicles by mistake, because of tiredness, exhaustion, psychological stress, technological defects, unforeseen circumstances, etc. Although there exists a technology carried specifically in an aircraft, combat vehicles, that utilizes coded radio signals to identify other friendly units, adopted measures are not always successful. In NATO, we have standardized systems for such identification: BTID-Battlefield Target Identification Device (for identification of vehicles and helicopters, STANAG 4579); and DSID-Dismounted...
Two Dramatic Periods, Two Stories of the ArmyHistory pages
PhDr. Antonín Rašek
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 159-164
After the communist coup détat in 1948, although formally independent, the Czechoslovak army was subordinated under the General Staff of the Soviet Army. Following the year 1960, its inner life was directed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ), in fact by the Military Commission, headed by the First Secretary KSČ. Overall militarization of Czech society was even higher than e.g. in Poland, because in case of military conflict, our territory was supposed to play the role of main European theatre of war. In time of the so-called reform movement in the late 60's, there were some trends to release close ties with the...
Colonel (ret.) Miroslav Liškutin, DFC - Veteran of World War IIPersonal data
Plk. v zál. Petr Majer
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2006: 165-166
He was born in the early part of the last century, in 1919. After the German occupation, he fled the country and in 1939 he joined French Foreign Legion. He fought in Southern France and after the defeat of France he flew to England, where he was requalified for Spitfires. He took part in two operational runs, so he belonged among the most engaged and dedicated Czech pilots. In 1945 he was awarded DFC. Returning to his native country, he became a flying instructor and in 1946 Capt. Liškutin was assigned Aide, 7th Air Regiment, Brno. After 1948 (when communists came to power), he was dismissed from the Czech Air Force, and again escaped abroad. In Britain...