Review of the Author´s Monography - Petr RožňákBook review

Jan Eichler

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 262-264

Review of the Author´s Monography - Vladimír Karaffa, Cyril Svoboda, Jiří ŠedivýBook review

Richard Stojar

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 260-261

Reconstruction of Critical Industrial Complexes After Artillery Fire in Wartime ConditionsReviewed - Research

Radovan Vnuk, Alexander Ilkström Kravcov, Tomáš Šlajs, Jaroslav Varecha

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 239-259

The study focuses on the methodologies and strategic implications of restoring industrial complexes in post-conflict environments. Drawing on empirical evidence from the war in Eastern Europe, it links NATO engineering doctrine with approaches to damage assessment and stability classification. It proposes damage categorisation and prioritisation of reconstruction based on structural degradation and external system dependencies. Key strategies include mobile engineering teams, improvised materials, and limited documentation. The study also highlights the need to protect sensitive information generated during recovery. A combined approach ensures...

Does Mandatory Military Service Impede Male Representatives from Pursuing Higher Education in Post-Soviet Armenia?Reviewed - Research

Gevorg Grigoryan, Ning Huichun, Jingjing Shi, Ani Margaryan

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 223-238

The enforcement of mandatory military reforms in 2016 and 2018 has significantly affected the overall layout of higher education (HE) in Armenia， creating a number of challenges for different stakeholders. The current research paper makes an attempt to examine the main perceptions of teachers, students, educators, etc., of the enforcement of mandatory military service reforms on the HE system in post-Soviet Armenia. The data of the following study was obtained from four different state universities located in the Republic of Armenia. The outcomes of the research demonstrate that different stakeholders hold controversial opinions in terms...

Loitering Munition: Impact, Response and Approach to its Integration into Smaller Armed ForcesReviewed - Research

Jaroslav Galba, Markéta Licková, Vlastimil Vašíček, Vladimír Vyklický

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 201-222

The article analyzes loitering munition as a distinct category separate from traditional UAVs and examines its role in recent armed conflicts. Drawing on qualitative and quantitative analysis, it finds that these systems have become a persistent feature of modern warfare, which is also reflected in the rapid expansion of acquisition efforts within NATO countries after years of stagnation. Building on these findings, the article introduces four functional criteria defining loitering munition and provides a targeted DOTMLPFI mapping that outlines the key requirements and indicative metrics needed to achieve full operational capability. The study...

Possibilities of Using Ground Robotic Systems as an Element of Protection of Static Military ObjectsReviewed - Research

Jan Nohel, Daniel Srb, Jan Hrdinka, Michal Hrnčiar

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 179-200

The article deals with the possibilities of protecting the outer perimeter of static military facilities using ground-based unmanned systems that can complement the already existing protective elements. The conclusions reached and theoretical assumptions were experimentally verified in the field during the protection of a small base, using UGS Taros Furbo and Tactical Decision Support System calculations. The protection routes calculated by the system were then practically implemented by dismounted patrols and autonomous UGS Taros Furbo, focusing on terrain traversability and time of overcoming. The main objective of the paper is to present to...

Effectiveness of Training Using Simulation Technologies in the Training of Students of the University of Defence in Tactical TrainingReviewed - Research

Ľudovít Hradský, Luděk Rak, Jan Nohel

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 155-178

The article deals with the possibility of using simulation technologies in the training of students of the University of Defence in tactical training and seeks to answer the question whether the use of these means brings demonstrable effectiveness by means of an experiment. First-year students in a Field Training course were randomly divided into 42 sections of approximately equal numbers and then assigned to 3 categories based on their use of live and virtual simulation. All groups were assigned points for a specific tactical activity during the final exercise. The total scores of all groups were subjected to a subsequent statistical investigation...

Force Ratio and Battle CasualtiesReviewed - Research

Vladimír Vráb, Jan Zezula

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 139-154

The assessment of force ratios and battle casualties is a crucial aspect of the military decision-making process. This article evaluates three different tools used by the Army of the Czech Republic at the tactical level: a calculator based on Lanchester's laws, a module within the Battle Information System, and a constructive simulation system. The results indicate that while all tools produce similar outputs, the constructive simulation system offers more accurate estimates of combat losses for both equipment and personnel. Additionally, this system enhances the ability of commanders and staff to adapt to changing scenarios during planning....

Mission Second Career: Czech Soldiers’ Perspectives on Support for the Military-to-Civilian TransitionReviewed - Research

Kristýna Binková, Petr Čech, Jiří Neubauer, Jiří Zácha

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 117-138

The preparation of soldiers for future employment in the civilian labor market is a critical issue that requires attention. This research aimed to identify soldiers' preferences regarding their transition to civilian employment after their military service. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 128 active-duty soldiers from two units of the Czech Armed Forces. The majority of respondents prefer a second career in the private sector, and most would like to start preparing several months before their service ends. Many respondents expressed interest in expanding their skills to improve employability, with retraining courses being the most preferred...

Cognitive Resilience Education in the Czech Military: SWOT AnalysisReviewed - Research

Vladimír Bízik, Dominika Kosárová, Vendula Divišová, Adam Potočňák

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 98-116

This article presents the first systematic analysis of cognitive resilience education within the Czech Ministry of Defence, which is growing in importance in the context of contemporary hybrid threats. Through methodological triangulation (document analysis, questionnaires, interviews), the research maps the coverage of relevant topics across all levels of formal military education. The SWOT analysis reveals both existing foundations for cognitive resilience development and the absence of a systematic approach to this issue. The results highlight three main challenges for transforming the educational system: systematisation of the approach, personnel...

(Re)Framing the Frontlines: The Role of Strategic Communication in the Russian-Ukrainian WarReviewed - Research

Iulia-Alexandra Cojocaru, Marinel-Adi Mustață

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 66-97

This paper examines the role of strategic communication in military operations, with a focus on its impact during the first year of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Using a process-tracing methodology, the study explores whether Ukrainian strategic communication was decisive in resisting Russian attacks. Our findings indicate that strategic communication functioned as a central component of Ukraine’s defence. Effective messaging mobilized broad support from diverse actors, including state entities with no regional stakes and non-state contributors such as civilians, volunteer fighters, and organizations, driven by motivations beyond self-interest....

Economic Sustainment in Attritional Warfare: A Case Study of the Russian-Ukrainian ConflictReviewed - Research

Domagoj Ćorić, Dražen Smiljanić

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 39-65

This article presents a formal economic framework for assessing the sustainability of prolonged attritional warfare. Using the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine as a case study, the paper models the interaction between military production and consumption (losses) to evaluate the limits of state endurance under sustained conflict. The core of the analysis is a differential function of the war economy, defined as the net capacity to sustain operations over time, which is the difference between production and losses. This function is embedded within a theoretical construct that distinguishes between sustainable and unsustainable operational regimes,...

From Battlefield to Classroom: Leveraging Military Design Thinking for Enhanced Officer Training of Multi-Domain OperationsReviewed - Research

Steven P. A. Hornstra, Walther N. K. A. van Mook, Steven J. Durning, Stefan P. Nelwan, Rabia Saylam, Joris J. Wijnker, Jaap A. Hoogenboezem

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 18-38

In military operations, there is increasing emphasis on multi-domain operations (MDO) across land, sea, air, space and cyberspace, with technology and cognitive domain operations playing key roles. However, it remains unclear how NATO can optimally prepare officers for MDO. We applied a military design thinking method in an international setting, involving participants from diverse professional backgrounds (government, academia, industry, and military), all experts in Command and Control, to design a blueprint for an operational-level MDO training program. This blueprint outlines the tasks, knowledge, skills and attitudes required for MDO, and...

Comparative Analysis of NATO and U.S. Approaches to Multi-Domain OperationsReviewed - Research

Zdeněk Petráš

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 2/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 3-17

The article is a thematic sequel of a previous work addressing the concept of Multi-Domain Operations (MDO) in the context of modern warfare. It highlights the differences in the conceptual approaches to MDO as applied by the U.S. Armed Forces and NATO in response to current security challenges. The study outlines the shift by NATO and the U.S. from traditional joint operations to integrated strategies within respective operational domains. Based on a literature review and content analysis of doctrinal documents, it identifies a fundamental difference in the conceptual approaches of NATO and the U.S. to MDO. While the U.S. approach emphasizes...

Czech Defense Policy in the Light of Strategic CultureReviewed - Research

Vladimír Karaffa, Cyril Svoboda

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 3-23

The article analyzes key aspects of the development of the Czech Republic‘s defense policy since 1989, with a focus on the role of strategic culture. It examines historical, political, and social factors that have shaped the Czech Republic‘s approach to defense and security issues. Special attention is given to the transformation of the Czech Armed Forces, the transition to a professional military model, and responses to changing geopolitical threats. The analysis also considers public perceptions of the military, the influence of historical narratives on strategic culture, and the attitudes of political elites toward defense matters. The...

O nutnosti předvojenské výchovyOther

Readace

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 167-173

Is the Transatlantic Bond a Permanent Constant for our Security?Opinions, controversy

Zdeněk Petráš

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 159-165

Building Meteorological Backup Artillery Products: Leveraging Upper Air DataReviewed

David Sládek, Michal Šustr, Jan Ivan, František Hudec

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 136-158

Accurate meteorological data is crucial for precise artillery fire, yet its availability can be compromised in combat conditions. This study investigates the impact of limited meteorological information on artillery accuracy and explores potential mitigation strategies. By analysing upperair data from a single weather station, we simulated various scenarios of reduced meteorological support. Our findings highlight the significance of meteorological factors on artillery performance and the potential consequences of inadequate data. We developed a foundational framework for offline artillery support products, emphasizing the need for robust methods to...

Possibility of Supporting the Activity of Infantry Units with Combat Unmanned Ground Systems During an Attack OperationReviewed

Jan Hrdinka, Jan Nohel, Jan Zezula, Jan Mazal

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 120-135

The article discusses the possibilities of joint deployment of combat unmanned ground vehicles with combat infantry units. It summarizes the deployment of these assets in past and present military operations, including the presentation of deployment experiences available from public sources, and examines the joint deployment of an infantry squad with an unmanned ground combat platform during an attack operation. Using a constructive simulation, it presents the results of the deployment of an infantry squad during an attack operation with and without the support of a combat unmanned ground vehicle. As part of the discussion, he develops the ideas necessary...

Challenges of the Tactical Leader in the Context of Multinational Military Operations ProcessReviewed

Robert-Marian Alixandrescu

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 104-119

This study explores the main challenges faced by leaders within the multinational military operations process. Based on the aspects addressed in the literature review, the questionnaire survey method will be applied to a representative sample of military personnel who had participated in various multinational activities, as tactical leaders. The findings reveal that the most significant challenges perceived by leaders include linguistic barriers, command and control (C2) issues, and differences in training, endowment, and doctrine, with planning identified as the most challenging operational phase. Statistical analysis further indicates that experienced...

Application of Decision-Making Support Model in the Operations Planning Process at the Tactical LevelReviewed

Marko Radovanović, Miša Živković, Marko Crnogorac

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 85-103

The paper is focused on research of military operations planning with the purpose of defining an efficient decision-making model at the tactical level for brigade-level offensive operation. Suggested model applies methods of multi-criteria decision-making – DIBR II (Defining Interrelationships Between Ranked Criteria II) and EDAS (Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution) in order to decrease subjectivity while evaluating and ranking criteria, but also to select the most optimal course of action (COA). DIBR II method is used for the evaluation and determination of criteria coefficients, while the EDAS method enables choice between the most...

Perspectives of Clausewitz’s Center of GravityReviewed

Ján Spišák

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 70-84

The center of gravity in military affairs represents a dominant element of military art, used in the planning and conduct of military operations. The doctrine defines it as the main source of power that provides the actor with his strength, freedom of action and/or the will to fight. This article examines Clausewitz’s concept of center of gravity through selected philosophical perspectives and clarifies its significance in military theory and practice. It presents the doctrinal development of the concept, discusses its context, and concludes that the concept of the center of gravity remains a key doctrinal and practical element of operational art.

Are There Real Global Catastrophic Biological Risks?Reviewed

Aleš Macela, Vanda Boštíková

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 55-69

Biosafety and biodefense (i.e. all countermeasures preventing the spread of biological agents in the environment and population) are on the regular agenda of states and their militaries. Somewhat aside are global catastrophic biological risks (GCBR), which can destroy human society as a biological species. Although a precise definition of what constitutes a global catastrophic biological risk is still being sought, it can be considered the impact of potential global catastrophic risks (GCR) on the social, economic and biological structure of human existence. This implies that GCBRs are a subset of GCRs. It is also open to discussion whether in...

Military or Militancy: How to Navigate Media Objectivity in Reporting on National SecurityReviewed

Sidra Agha

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 37-54

This study aimed to explore the media’s perception of the military and militant activities, focusing on journalists’ professional conduct and their commitment to the national cause. In-depth interviews were conducted with Pakistani journalists reporting from conflict zones. The findings suggest that Pakistan is engaged in a war on terror and that the media plays a key role in glorifying the security forces in their fight against militants who challenge the authority of the state. Journalists expressed the view that the government and military should take realistic measures to combat this threat. While journalists described militants...

Social Media as a Tool for Profiling Potential Intelligence Service Sources. How are the Military Students Doing?Reviewed

Libor Kutěj

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2025, Vol. XXXIV. (LXVI.): 24-36

The article addresses the use of social media intelligence (SOCMINT) as a tool for recruiting and selecting souces by foreign intelligence services, with an emphasis on the risks it poses to students in military studies at national military universitiy. It analyzes the specific ways in which SOCMINT enables foreign intelligence agencies to effectively gather personal data and profile potential collaborators from both public and private information shared online. Research conducted among students of the University of Defense and other institutions revealed that military students share comparable types of information on social networks as their...

Generál Maurice PelléOther

Redakce, gen. E.D. Mittelhauser

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2024, Vol. XXXIII. (LXV.): 126-127

Logistics planning as one of the planning domains of defence planning in the Ministry of Defence Department of the Slovak RepublicNonreviewed

Viera Frianová

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2024, Vol. XXXIII. (LXV.): 105-119

This paper deals with the issue of logistics planning – one of the seven planning domains of defence planning in the Ministry of Defence Department of the Slovak Republic. In the framework of the descriptive research problem, the author was looking for an answer to the question: How is logistics planned in the defence planning system at the departmental level? The article contains the results of theoretical and empirical research carried out on the given issue. The author explains the main theoretical background of the research issue, describesin more detail the methodology of logistics planning in the conditions of the department as well as...

Civil War in Myanmar. Causes, Actors, DevelopmentReviewed

Miroslav Nožina

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2024, Vol. XXXIII. (LXV.): 91-104

The civil war in Myanmar has been going on for more than seven decades. After the military coup in February 2021, it has undergone significant structural changes and gained new momentum. The causes of the conflict lie in the inability of different ethnic and political groups to find a way to coexist within a single state entity and the autonomisation of the military. The main actors in the war in Myanmar today are the military junta and its supporters, the democratic opposition and ethnic organisations. After the coup, the strength of the resistance movement and its operational capabilities are growing. However, this growth has its limits, given the...

The Modern War Veteran: Identifying Needs, Problems and Risky FactorsReviewed

Marcela Trávníčková, Jitka Laštovková, Benjamin Petruželka, Miroslav Barták

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2024, Vol. XXXIII. (LXV.): 70-90

This article examines the needs and problems of the modern war veterans and identifies factors that may contribute to making them a  high-risk group. It uses data from two questionnaire surveys. The respondents were war veterans leaving active service and war veterans who left active service less than ten years ago. The analysis shows that participation in the mission has a negative impact mainly on the family and relationships, and that the most common problems on leaving active service are related to finances and finding a new job. Further, few factors have been identified that may contribute to a high-risky group: less than nineteen years of service,...

Constructive Simulation in Tactical Level Planning: Options for Optimizing Engineer SupportReviewed

Ota Rolenec, Martin Sedláček, Martin Vlkovský

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2024, Vol. XXXIII. (LXV.): 51-69

This article deals with the use of constructive simulation software in the planning process of military engineer staff personnel. The possibilities regarding the implementation of MASA SWORD simulation software are demonstrated on specific data from the Engineer Support Management Course, with overlapping applications to other specialized military troops. Three scenarios were used for the simulations, which were practiced and verified during the course’s  exercise. Each scenario was evaluated in silico within the simulation environment, incorporating analytical and graphical outputs. Utilizing the MASA SWORD analytical module, each scenario underwent...