Czech Military Review, 2007 (vol. 88), issue 1
The Ways of TransformationNonreviewed - Other
Ing. Vladimír Karaffa, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 3-8 
There is a substantional difference between reformation and transformation. The latter represents a qualitative change or the re-creation; while the former is only a change, redressing, correction of errors or faults. In Czech military press, the basic principles of NATO transformation were described several times. Since 2004, when the document "Strategic Vision: The Military Vision" was published, many other documents have been released: Comprehensive Political Guidance (CPG), Guidance for Military Implementation of CPG, Concept for Alliance Future Joint Operations, NATO Task List. Every operational concept has to evaluate all factors from various...
Principles of Anti-Extremist Policy of the Czech RepublicNonreviewed - Other
Doc. dr. Štefan Danics, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 9-20
Political extremists as an anti-system opposition present an impending threat to democracy. They use both legal and illegal methods of fight against society. In our country, all wings of extremist movement are present, even though the Czech Home Office suspended the activities of hard left and right organizations. The author holds wider concept of extremism. He classes among extremists also the so-called darkers and phakers and ani-globalist street parties, in which strange personages with anarchy background took part in. With them, there are subsequent forms of sub-culture tied: squatting, darking, hooligans, and graffiti. Among others, the author...
Creation of the Foundations of Security ScienceNonreviewed - Other
PhDr. Antonín Rašek a kol.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 21-31
Both in our country and the world the wider concept of security is on its way. It influences wide variety of various subjects and objects that create national and coalition strategies. There are many academic branches dealing with various individual aspects of security, but the present day calls for more complex and sophisticated access to security problems. The author proposes to establish a new academy discipline, the so-called security science or securitology, to respond adequately to current security challenges. It would be an interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary, problems oriented "meta-science", associating history, philosophy, social sciences,...
Long Time Planning-its Analytical SupportNonreviewed - Other
Pplk. gšt. Ing. Josef Procházka, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 32-44
The planning is a general term with many meanings, all of which imply an ability to scheme or arrange beforehand. In practice, planning is a highly formalized and disciplined activity through which we can induce changes, procedures for a decision-making unit, including the establishment of goals. Planning in the forces therefore involves two levels: i. operational planning (intentions and goals of forces, feedback information for setting up operational capabilities); ii. defence planning (development of armed forces, military potential). Long-term planning for 10-15 years or more ahead covers strategic analysis, strategic goals, implementation of strategic...
Systems Approach in Economic Practice of the ACRNonreviewed - Other
Ing. Svatopluk Kunc
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 45-51
The proposals of systems approach are sometimes met with a negative acceptance. While solving difficult problems, army members exploit mere practical approaches and they proved to be successful. For that reason the author offers a short glimpse into systems thinking, as necessary starting point for pinpointing the cause of current difficulties. The system is any collection of component elements that work together to perform a task. In economic science, system is used in a variety of contexts. Military cost-effective system can be an essential programme that manage Planning Programming and Budgeting System, flexibly reacting to emerging military challenges...
Intelligence Analysis in Asymmetric OperationsMilitary art
Doc. Ing. Oldřich Horák, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 52-58
Asymmetric operations lack some linear qualifications at operational levels and split themselves into dozens of tactical warfares. This type of warfare demands quick analytical thinking tied with intelligence preparation of the battlefield, formulating specific information requirement to fill in the missing elements in information requests. As to technological potential, military intelligence is developing very fast. So, the intelligence analysts transfer the main information burden on various information systems, e.g. JSTARS (Joint Deployable Intelligence Support System), AWACS (Airborne Warning and Control System), ASAS (All Source Analysis System),...
Lessons from the War of Israel with HezbollahMilitary art
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 59-64
Israeli Defence Forces currently evaluates information collected during recent fighting in Lebanon. Although the war was assessed as successful, there are some deficiencies that are to be improved. (a) Aviation and air defence systems. Israel is prepared against ballistic missiles, it was not prepared against short distance ones. Attack helicopters AH-64 were for the first time deployed for tactical (close) combat support of ground forces. One of them crashed down, other two collided in the air; (b) Armour. Also Israel's Merkava Mk4 was used for the first time in combat. More than 50 of the 350 Merkava Mk2, 3 and 4 tanks used in the military operations...
Theory of SurpriseMilitary art
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 65-70
This article contains main ideas from the essay by James J. Wirtz published in anthology Paradoxes of Strategic Intelligence, Frank Cass 2003. This theory is a unifying explanation of why states, for example, attempt to surprise their opponents with diplomatic or military initiatives. Surprise often is described as a force multiplier; something that increases the effectiveness of one's forces in combat. The prospect of surprise can prompt political leaders of the weaker side to believe that they can nullify that disparity and achieve their objectives. In other words, if strong parties began to view conflict from the weaker party's perspective, while...
An Ethic Discussion on Expedient Responses to September 11, 2001Opinions, controversy
Plk. Mgr. Tomáš Holub
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 71-96
The author, the former chief military chaplain, nowadays an advisor to the Czech defence minister, summarizes all relevant views on global responses to terrorism. The deadly attacks against Word Trade Center were more than acts of terror, they were acts of war. International law makes it possible to hunt the perpetrators, organizers and instigators of terrorism wherever they are. Immediately after the 11 September attacks on the United States, the Security Council expressed its determination to combat, by all means, threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts. The Council reaffirmed the inherent right of individual or collective...
Security and Investment Programme and its Function in the North Atlantic AllianceInformational pages
Por. Ing. Gamil Al-Madhagi
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 97-107
NSIP-NATO Security and Investment Programme presents an outstanding field of cooperation among Alliance nations and are the fundamental pillar for planning their common defence. The programme serves for securing necessary sources for investments in building, renovation and establishing air and navy bases, strategic depots, core radar systems, and the like. It also supports individual national commands. The article shortly summarizes the history of NSIP, cites examples of its implementation and formulates proposals how to better utilize common sources of this programme. The Czech Republic belongs among states that still enjoy benefits from common funds,...
Normative Base of Antidrugs Policy in the Armed Forces of the CRInformational pages
JUDr. Ing. Dalibor Nový
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 108-118
The year 2005 is a breaking one from the perspective both state and military, as new law amendments were adopted, then abolishing compulsory military service (beginning of fully professional forces), and drafting new strategical and concept documents. The relevant document of antidrug policy in the military is constituted by the Order of Defence Minister No. 20/2005: The Prevention of Socially Undesirable Developments. The main stress is put on the prevention of drug addiction, which is framed into common complex fight against alcoholism, addiction, drug abuse in order to we could ensure full effectiveness of our forces. We can use several methods...
The State Cartographic Support of Crisis ManagementInformational pages
Prof. Ing. František Miklošík, DrSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 119-127
Crisis management in the Czech Republic is organized at several levels. Every level of crisis management places emphasis on different matters and has different demands on cartographic support. At the level of government they ask synoptic maps; at the level of the Czech National Security Council those are maps 1:520,000 and 1:500,000. High demands for maps are prescribed by the Central Crisis Staff that is actually the working executive body of the mentioned National Security Council. It also depends on the stage of crisis situation, e.g. in the phase of preparation they use classical analogue or digital maps and charts, including data sets for Geographic...
Military Profession and Psychology of LabourInformational pages
PhDr. Mgr. Bohumil Ptáček
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 128-130
Contemporary military psychology tries to augment psychic resistance to various forms of stress arising during carrying out the tasks of military profession. Generally speaking, there is both quantitative aspect to labour (military profession), i.e. amount, effort and time, and a qualitative one, i.e. intelligence and skill. The availability of particular types of labour can influence the location of their activities. From the point of military professionals, the soldier is exposed to three factors: sensorial, mental and emotional loads. Modern military psychology defines basis schemes and methods for psychological preparation of servicemen, it uses...
Some of the Risks Factors in the Work (Violence, Maltreatment, Bullying, Harassment and the Law)Informational pages
Ing. Mgr. Radomír Ščurek, PhD.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 131-139
Even though we use those terms very often, there is an ambiguity and unclearness in their usage, so the author tries to lay down their definitions first. He deals with the following terms: physical violence, harassment, psychological violence, staffing. Bullying (in the U.S. called "employee abuse" is a coverage terms for mobbing and bossing. Both mobbing and bossing carry over for a long time, it must last at minimum for half a year. They are more sophisticated than bullying that takes place mostly in simple communities, such as military, schools, or prisons. The primary law guarantees equal rights for all citizens is the Act No. 2/1993, introducing...
The Soldier and Normative SystemsInformational pages
Mgr. Gabriela Mužíková
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 140-147
The behaviour of an individual is (apart from mental elements) influenced by plenty of social events. Within the process of institutionalization of behaviour, normative orders are being established. The normative orders are defined as sets of rules, i.e. rules prescribing a certain ways of behaviour. There are legal, moral, religious, political, courtesy and aesthetic rules. The legal rules are the principal and integral rules for the soldier. The legal rules are defined as binding, specifically expressed and by state power enforceable rules of behaviour. The obligation to adhere to the legal rules is prescribed by constitution as well as by laws....
Meditation over (Un)Equality of Women in the ArmyInformational pages
Mgr. Antonín Konrád
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 148-152
Officially, we barred authorities from discriminating against people because of their race or gender. Women's rights guarantee that women will not face discrimination on the basis of their sex. The Armed Forces have opened up traditionally male roles to female recruits, but it became apparent that many women did not possess the strength necessary for their work. In military practice, some problems have arisen: especially during hard military drill and training. Injuries among female army personnel are increasing; they are several times higher than among male personnel. In author's opinion, this 'gender fair' policy has to be changedto a policy respecting...
Authority of Commander (Chief Official) in the Professional ACRMilitary professional
Pplk. Ing. Miroslav Mašlej, doc. Ing. Vítězslav Stodůlka, CSc., doc. Ing. Bohumil Brechta, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 153-159
The first part of the article defines notions of the competence, the power, and the authority. Next part of the article deals with the assertion of the power and authority. Those terms are not the same. Whereas the power is universal, the authority of a commander is performed only within the Army of the Czech Republic (ACR), it does not go beyond. The authority presents the "right" or "duty"; the power is the capacity to implement authority, to fulfil intentions. Business, labour, educational, governmental and military systems depend on a hierarchy to carry out specialized tasks. Therefore the authorities are tied with individual levels of mentioned...
Some New Outlooks on Collective Protection of PersonnelMilitary professional
Ing. Oldřich Fojtík, Ing. Zdeněk Nešpor
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 160-168
The forces are intended to fulfil combat missions and therefore even the deployment of WMD can't prevent the units from accomplishing combat tasks. They can't stop fighting and leave contaminated areas. The article deals with collective protection of persons in combat vehicles and mobile logistic means of ground forces against effects of chemical, biological and radioactive warfare agents. Optimal solution of vehicle air supply regulation is continuous measuring of CO2 level in the protected space air and simultaneously optimalization of overpressure in vehicle. Needless overpressure eventuates in higher filtered air supply, which shorten service lifetime...
Variants of Manning Czech Armed Forces by Reserve Soldiers in Time of Danger or WarMilitary professional
Pplk. Ing. Bohuslav Vlček
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 169-174
Event though our forces are all-volunteer forces, in time of danger and war Czech citizens are bound to serve in armed forces, they biased to be drafted. In 1989 the total of 78.2 per cent were able to serve in the forces, in the following years there was a deep decline in numbers; in 2003 only 43.7 per cent of the conscripts (draftees) were able to meet the requirements of medical classification. Proposed numbers were met only by 20 per cent, as large portion of conscripts declared to be conscious objectors (according to the Act adopted after 1989). It is estimated that only 25 per cent of reserve soldiers are able to serve in time of need in the...
International Conference "Tactics 2006" - Management SectionMilitary professional
Pplk. Ing. Miroslav Mašlej, doc. Ing. Vítězslav Stodůlka, CSc., doc. Ing. Bohumil Brechta, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 175-176
The article is the information on a conference which was held in September 2006 at Defence University Brno ?Tactis 2006?. Management section held dealings under the title ?Management Trends for the 21st Century?. The leading paper was concentrated on 21st management styles and their implementation into armed forces. Furter papers were concentrated on schooling and training military professionals in NEC environment (network enanbled capability). They will be released in the following issue of this magazine. The report was prepared by Lt.Col. Ing. Miroslav Mašlej, Doc. Ing. Vítězslav Stodůlka, CSc., and Doc. Ing. Bohumil Brechta, CSc.
A Meritable Step in Understanding to the Presence and the Future of the ACRBook review
PhDr. Antonín Rašek.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 177-179
This article presents a letter of introduction for the book by the recent director of Brno Institute for Strategic Studies, Josef Janošec, "Security and Defence of the Czech Republic 2015-2025", composed together with other authors from this institute. This deed is even more rewarding owning to the fact that in our country we lack an advanced cultivation of military sciences. Since the beginning of our pre-war Republic, we've only taken over ready-made military doctrines: at first it was the French doctrine of defensive lines of fortresses and forts, after WWII it used to be the Soviet Offensive Doctrine. Only in 1968 there was an attempt to draw up...
The Cold War: Look back in Peace (Parallel History Project on NATO and the Warsaw Pact)Book review
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 180-183
The former warriors from opposing sides are recounting their version of events have always been important in understanding history. In studying the Cold War, The Parallel History Project on NATO and the Warsaw Pact (PHP) has undertaken the mission of preserving the history of the two alliances that faced each other for decades on the continent of Europe during the Cold War. It has been collecting, analyzing and interpreting previously secret government documents and making them available via their unrestricted website [www.isn.ethz.ch/php/index. htm]. Documents alone cannot define the thinking behind events, so PHP is now gathering key players from...
Col. Ing. Václav Petras (ret.)-Veteran of World War IIPersonal data
Dr. Petr Majer.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2007: 184-185
As a boy of 17, in 1944, he joined the Czechoslovak Army Corps in the USSR, where he lived together with his parents. His father died while digging trenches, under the attack of German bombs. In the Czech Unit he underwent basis military training, coped with Morse code signals, and became a member of signal service. He was in action during the liberation of Czechoslovak borders. After the war, at home, he started to work in beer industry, as he graduated from brewery college. Finally he became the director of all breweries in Moravia. He retired in 1989. At present, he takes part in activities of the Czechoslovak Legionnaire Community; he was awarded...