Czech Military Review, 2007 (vol. 88), issue 3
Securitology-Teaching about Security and Non-SecurityNonreviewed - Other
Doc. Ing. Josef Janošec, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 3-14 
The term "securitology" seems to be appropriate for nomenclative scientific discipline dealing with a research subject, security reality. This article proposes to use Yin- Yang principle and its applications to a philosophy of approach, holistic understanding contrapositive security forces. The classification of selected philosophical and methodological approaches to theme of securitology, the formalization of wide problems of securitology research, are the main items to be done first. The author presents his own approach to measurement in securitology, proposes theoretical models for description of problems connected with security questions, applications...
Asymmetric WarfareNonreviewed - Other
Doc. dr. Štefan Volner, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 15-26
Most adversaries of our western civilization recognize the information advantage and military superiority of the United States and Euroatlantic area. Rather than acquiesce to any potential Western military domination, they will try to circumvent or minimize US strengths and exploit perceived weaknesses. IT-driven globalization will significantly increase interaction among terrorists, narcotraffickers, weapons proliferators, and organized criminals, who in a networked world will have greater access to information, to technology, to finance, to sophisticated deception-and-denial techniques and to each other. Such asymmetric approaches-whether undertaken...
Operational ThinkingNonreviewed - Other
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 27-34
Operational art is the area of military science between strategy and tactics. Operational method covers the employment of corps and divisions, while tactics apply to lower echelon units, brigades, battalions, companies and platoons. Different armies favour different operational methods which reflect national characteristics, available resources, and specific terrain conditions. Those facts are reflected in "operational thinking" of commanders. Operational thinking is one of most important prerequisites for reasonable deployment of military and non-military means to meet strategy aims. This sort of thinking should be listed in training programmes of...
Open Sources IntelligenceMilitary art
Doc. Ing. Oldřich Horák, CSc., pplk. Ing. Ivo Pikner
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 35-42
Intelligence services collect data from various sources: SIGINT (intelligence obtained by listening to the enemy's radio transmissions), HUMINT (information about the enemy obtained from people, e.g. friendly forces, agents, civilians, prisons of war), and the very latest it is the so-called OSINT - Open Sources Intelligence. Its description is not unequivocal. In the intelligence community, the term "open" refers to overt, publicly available sources, as opposed to covert or classified sources. OSINT includes a wide variety of information and sources: media, public data, observation and reporting. It is defined as produced from publicly available information...
Battle Groups of the ACR Designated for the European Union (European Union Battle Groups)Military art
Ing. Antonín Krásný, CSc., plk. gšt. Ing. Oldřich Socha
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 43-51
This article deals with objectives of EU BGs, required abilities and possible employment, namely from the legal point of view. Last but not least, there are mentioned relations between NATO and EU BG. Military capabilities of the EU are closely tied not only with the second pillar of the ?Maastricht Temple? (Common Foreign And Security Policy), but they are united with the activities of the EU as a whole (with all three pillars). The EU should have the potential to carry out independent military actions to solve international crises. The Battle Group is the smallest independent military unit (group) capable of being deployed in the area of operation....
Battle GroupMilitary art
Pplk. Ing. Jaroslav Kulíšek
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 52-69
This article presents the findings of the survey being done during the evaluation and assessment of EU Battle Groups, their missions, roles, tasks, stemming from the requirements set by the EU Crisis Management Concept. The paper does not discuss in detail variants EU Battle Groups, but concentrates on their historical background, basic characteristics, structure, EU political-military ambitions, scenarios, reaction time, tasks, standards, training and certification, Battle Groups commitments, concept and implementation, achievements. The article also includes recommendations for the Czech Armed Forces that are currently involved in the formation of...
ISAF Mission: Determinants, Threats, Challenges and RecommendationsMilitary art
Doc. PhDr. Jan Eichler, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 70-79
This thoroughly elaborated paper deals with the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan (ISAF). Similar missions represent NATO's global interests in problems of word's security. Afghanistan is the very place where new warfare methods are tested, new ways of combat come into existence. After September 11, 2001, American administration declared the war to global terrorism - GWOT (Global War on Terror), the first theatre of GWOT became Afghanistan. From military point of view, it was unambiguous success, to a large degree, it succeeded even politically. But Afghanistan was negatively affected by the situation in Iraq. Afghanistan is far...
Programme Structure for "State Defence" Concept and its Importance for Expediency, Economy and Effectivity of Public FundsOpinions, controversy
Mjr. Ing. Bohuslav Pernica, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 80-85
This article deals with the problem of pursuing 3E policy in Czech MoD. The article shows how helpful it can be for the management of MoD to systemize activities under MoD control to shape the defence programmes as a 3Eprogram. In our forces, even though we have introduced PPBS (Planning, Programming and Budgeting System), still we need other means to shape effectively state defence. The author recommends to organize activities and related elements into seven groups in order that we can judge the impact of functionality of those programmes and its respective 3E, taking into account specific activities realized e.g. by outsourcing or by some other kind...
Ten Years after Signing the Chemical Weapons Convention: How to Proceed in Chemical Disarmament?Informational pages
Ing. Ladislav Středa, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 86-96
The basic pillar of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction is the obligation of the States Parties of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons to eliminate chemical weapons and facilities for their production within the year of 2007. The 11th Session of the Conference of the States Parties to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons took place in the Hague (5-8 December 2006). The Conference evaluated the present course of the destruction of chemical weapons and approved requests for extensions of the final date for the destruction...
Culture and Migration: Czech Military Observer and Foreign MissionsInformational pages
Mgr. Radek Horký
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 97-104
The purpose of this article is to point out the problems of long long-lasting stay in different culture surroundings, countries being at war or undergoing post-war reconstruction. It is the question of the so-called multiculturalism, in which an observer must adapt himself to quite a different culture, or to say it better, to affiliate his life with the knowledge and values shared by another society. This empirical survey, together with collected data, is the first of its kind that was carried out in the Czech Republic. The research was done with the use of questionnaires. Even though the poll was taken among the patch of 95 respondents, its results...
Czech Military University Education after Giving Up Career Service ModelInformational pages
Mjr. Ing. Bohuslav Pernica, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 105-107
The article deals with the position of education system under the Czech MoD control and it is focused on the so-called soldier's second professional career. It shows options for its rebuilding after introducing all-volunteer force model, when professional training scheduled for lifetime employment has been changing into training modelled for contract soldiers, much alike the police corps. Education system for career preparation of soldiers and civil servant mustn't be focused on narrowly military subjects. The author proposes more open system, in order to match the demands of the Czech University Act, secondly, because the fact that compatible university...
The Modelling of Technological Equipments of the Armed Forces of the Polish Republic (Theoretical Opening)Informational pages
Brig. gen. dr. Ing. Andrzej Szymonik
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 108-113
The Polish armed forces (Wojsko Polskie) are continuously redeveloped. This article written by Brig. Szymonik, the head of Science and School Department at the Ministry of National Defence, deals with general aspects of this process. The problem concerns not only of the Polish military by itself, it covers even all Polish defence industries. After entering the Polish Republic into common world's market, Polish defence industries must adapt themselves into this competitive environment. It is being done with the use of several international agencies, WEAG (Western European Armaments Group), IPC (NATO Industrial Planning Committee), and EAA (European...
The Control of Surplus Military MaterielInformational pages
Ing. Václav Kostelník, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 114-127
The term "military materiel" covers equipment and supplies, i.e. articles which soldiers need in order to carry out tasks (clothing, radios, tools, weapons, vehicles). Guarding, attendance, maintenance and preservation, transport, storage, cost a lot of money that could be used in another way, so the Czech Army must sell them out. The author quotes legal rules and military manual dealing with this matter. He differentiates between solely military items (weapon systems) and those that may be used for civilian purposes. Unfortunately, military manuals do not precisely specify those categories. At the end he demands developing legal norms giving a definition...
People's China performed a successful anti-satellite (ASAT) weapons test at more than 500 mi. altitude Jan. 11,2007, destroying an aging Chinese weather satellite target with a kinetic kill vehicle launched on board a ballistic missile. The Consequences of Destroying Satellite by ChinaInformational pages
Ing. Josef Nastoupil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 128-129
Chinese test shows that the Chinese military can threaten the imaging reconnaissance satellites operated by the U. S., Japan, Russia, Israel and Europe. Among others, Aviation Week, Defence Technology etc. report that the test signifies a major new Chinese military capability. China's growing military space capability is one major reason why the US is going to develop a new space policy. Such a policy is to be designed to ensure that US space capabilities are protected in a time of increasing challenges and threats. remove nuclear weapons from Europe. As the alternative to American nuclear weapons they offer forming European nuclear forces, consisting...
NATO Nuclear ActivitiesInformational pages
Ing. František Valach, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 130-131
This short information is based upon articles widely published in 2005-06 in Western military magazines and newspapers. After September 11, 2001, NATO member states are discussing the deployment of nuclear weapons at non-strategical level. Among others, this is embarrassed by the Russian attitude and general demands of some European NATO nations to update Alliance strategy. What does it mean? There are voices to remove nuclear weapons from Europe. As the alternative to American nuclear weapons they offer forming European nuclear forces, consisting mostly or exclusively of Britain and France potentials. Nevertheless, most of European states ask the...
European Gendarmerie Force: The Future of Military and Police Activities in Missions and Operations AbroadInformational pages
Genmjr. Bogustaw Pacek, mjr. Piotr Ptonka
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 132-134
Potential Deployment of Snipers in ACR OperationsMilitary professional
Mjr. Ing. Josef Ručka, Ph.D.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 135-149
The article deals with duties of a sniper and a military observer, sharp shooting at long distances, movement at areas in which operations are being carried out. Snipers are trained marksmen who are specialized in sniping the enemy. They are usually sited away form the main force, so that they can concentrate on shooting at selected targets instead of being drawn into general firefight. They are also less likely to be affected when the main force comes under artillery fire. The modern sniper is not alone, he is usually employed in team of two. The author also describes rifles and other weapons and equipments snipers are armed. The article is supplemented...
Psychological Aspects of Recruiting with Regard to AgeMilitary professional
Mgr. at Bc. at Bc. Roman Pospíšil
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 150-166
This work deals with the selection of candidates for Czech armed forces, with particular emphasis on their aptitude for professional military service in the ACR. Their age is also one of the distinct features influencing the result of selection procedures. The goal of this work is to assess the results of psychological tests of selected group of candidates (aged between 20-29 years and over 40) and their relation to age. This work entails theoretical as well as a practical concept in the form of quantitative survey. The theoretical part acquaints with the basic theoretical facts and specifications pertaining to military service. There is a detailed...
An Amendment to the Environmental Policy of Czech Defence Department in 2007-2010Military professional
Kpt. Ing. David Řehák, Ph.D., plk. prof. Ing. Aleš Komár, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 167-172
An Amendment to the Environmental Policy of Czech Defence Department in 2007-2010 by Capt. Ing. David (Col. ret.) This short information is based upon articles widely published in 2005-06 in Western military magazines and newspapers. After September 11, 2001, NATO member states are discussing the deployment of nuclear weapons at non-strategical level. Among others, this is embarrassed by the Russian attitude and general demands of some European NATO nations to update Alliance strategy. What does it mean? There are voices to Řehák, Ph.D., Col. Prof. Ing. Aleš Komár, CSc. This proposal reflects challenges resulting from the professional assessment of...
Topical Aspects of Current Military Physical TrainingMilitary professional
Mjr. PhDr. Tomáš Černohorský
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 173-180
Some time ago, this review published an article by Mgr. Antonín Konrád in which he asked the readers to discuss the problems tied with military PT. Training is not mere physical exercises, weight training and the like. Physical resistance, endurance is necessary precondition for effective developing physical performance and locomotive powers. Soldier's physical qualification must be taken on the whole, as individually connected dispositions, covering all layers of meaning of soldier's life. The author proposes to strictly differentiate among service obligatory PT, selective PT, and off-service PT. administrative and draft commands came into existence....
The Core of Modifications in Testing Physical Abilities of Soldiers (2nd part)Military professional
Plk. PaedDr. Lubomír Přívětivý, CSc.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 181-185
Seven new soldiers out of ten are unable to meet requirements set by annual re-examinations. The author proposes to make some special modifications in an upcoming training year: we ought to concentrate more on physical endurance of servicemen than their individual physical force. Presented tables of physical testing indicate quite clearly that the level of physical potential of Czech soldiers is behind capabilities necessary for soldiers in missions abroad, the fact verified in practice. Proposed changes embodied into the new army manual "Service Physical Training in the ACR" are expected to improve detected handicaps.
Selective Physical TrainingMilitary professional
Mgr. Antonín Konrád
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 186-195
The selective PT is inseparable part of service physical training. According to the Directive published by the Fist Deputy Defence Minister, service physical exercises take place during "working hours", and are regarded as regular "work". In our army, selective PT is a new term that runs parallel with service PT and therefore must be treated in a respective context. Service PT is divided into: (i) basic PT and (ii) special PT, while selective PT covers disciplines such as military sports games, championships, sports days, preventive physical rehabilitations, one-off events, at home or abroad. The presence of soldiers at selective PT is optional, voluntary....
The History of Military Territorial Administrative Authorities in the Czech RepublicMilitary professional
Pplk. Ing. Bohuslav Vlček
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 196-199
At first, in 1918, the new Czech Republic took over Military Territorial Authorities from the former Austro-Hungarian empire. In 1920 the net of 48 regional Are We Able to Govern at Strategical Level? by PhDr. Antonín Rašek. This is the question asked by the book "Strategical Governance and the Czech Republic", published by the Centre of Social and Economic Strategies, Social Science Faculty, Charles University Prague, in which also the Centre for Security Policy participates. The opening sentence says that humankind is not able to control itself. The team of authors guide us through individual items dealing with world's political and economy situations,...
Are We Able to Govern at Strategical Level?Book review
PhDr. Antonín Rašek.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 200-204
This is the question asked by the book ?Strategical Governance and the Czech Republic?, published by the Centre of Social and Economic Strategies, Social Science Faculty, Charles University Prague, in which also the Centre for Security Policy participates. The opening sentence says that humankind is not able to control itself. The team of authors guide us through individual items dealing with world?s political and economy situations, plans for economy growth, security and defence concepts, forming supranational security structures and finally towards depressing destiny of adopted strategy concepts and plans. If Czech leadership has any deficiency,...
Colonel Bohumír Nitsch-NyčPersonal data
PhDr. Zdeněk Vališ.
Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 3/2007: 205-211
Mr. Nitsch-Nyč belongs also among those who were sentenced to jail in the 50s. Nevertheless, as a member of the notorious Military Counterintelligence, headed by ill-famed Gen. Reicin, he belongs among persons who participated in the so-called "unlawfulness", that is to say: provocation, disposal of "unsuitable" officers from the army, in a close cooperation with Soviet intelligence officers. He started his military career in old AustroHungarian monarchy, than he was enlisted as a volunteer in the pre-war Czechoslovak Army. During WWII he was arrested and sentenced to the concentration camp. In May 1945 he became a member of the Communist Party. After...