Vojenské Rozhledy

Czech Military Review

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 1/2024: 105-126

Bezpečnostně-rozvojový nexus v praxi: Zkušenosti z amerického provinčního rekonstrukčního týmu v Pandžšíru v AfghánistánuRecenzované - Přehledový

Zdeněk Rod

Článek komplexně hodnotí aplikaci bezpečnostně-rozvojového nexu (BRN) ze strany USA prostřednictvím nejznámějšího příkladu BRN v praxi - provinčního rekonstrukčního týmu (PRT) - a objasňuje, jaké poznatky lze z této aplikace vyvodit. PRT v Pandžšíru byl mimo jiné unikátní v tom, že byl jako jediný americký PRT tzv. civilně-vedený. Výzkum odhalil čtrnáct poučení z pochybení a relativně úspěšných iniciativ PRT v Pandžšíru. Mezi získané poznatky patří správné definování cílů mise, nutnost včasné identifikace zdrojů nestability, zajištění jednotného financování, důraz na reformu bezpečnostního sektoru, posílení kulturní povědomí v posádce, posílení postavení místních obyvatel a kontinuita vedení a mise. V závislosti na kontextuálních faktorech a získaných zkušenostech zůstává duplikovatelnost modelu v budoucích konfliktech nejistá.

Klíčová slova: Afghánistán; civilně-vojenská spolupráce; Pandžšír; provinční rekonstrukční týmy; bezpečnostně-rozvojový nexus; Spojené státy americké

The Security-Development Nexus in Practice: Lessons Learned from the US Provincial Reconstruction Team in Panjshir in Afghanistan

The article holistically assesses the US application of security-development nexus (SDN) through the most known example of SDN in practice - provincial reconstruction teams (PRTs) - to elucidate what lessons learned can be drawn from there. The PRT's unique small footprint approach aimed to skip combat phases and focus on development in Panjshir. The research detected fourteen lessons learned from PRT's Panjshir wrongdoings and relatively successful initiatives. Lessons learned include defining mission objectives, early identification of instability sources, unified funding, emphasis on security sector reform, cultural awareness, empowering locals, and continuity in leadership and mission. PRT Panjshir's approach is debated, emphasizing managing, not fully resolving, complex conditions. Depending on contextual factors and learned lessons, the model's duplicability in future conflicts remains uncertain.

Keywords: Afghanistan; Civilian-Military Cooperation; Panjshir; Provincial Reconstruction Teams; Security-Development Nexus; United States

Zveřejněno: 15. březen 2024  Zobrazit citaci

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Rod, Z. (2024). Bezpečnostně-rozvojový nexus v praxi: Zkušenosti z amerického provinčního rekonstrukčního týmu v Pandžšíru v Afghánistánu. Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review, 105(1), 105-126
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